Late Quaternary Proboscidean Sites in Africa and Eurasia with Possible or Probable Evidence for Hominin Involvement

This paper presents a list of >100 publicly known late Quaternary proboscidean sites that have certain or possible traces hominin utilization in Africa, Europe, and Asia, along with sample references, chronometric estimated ages, brief descriptions the associated materials bone modifications. Summary discussions important are also presented. Lower Palaeolithic/Early Stone Age hominins created far fewer site assemblages than later Palaeolithic phases, spite time span being many times longer. Middle Palaeolithic/Middle at eight earlier rate. Upper Palaeolithic/Later >90 rate hominins. Palaeoloxodon spp. occur nearly one third an identified probable taxon Mammuthus species half taxon. Other genera, such as Elephas, Loxodonta, Stegodon, few sites. The show variability intensity carcass utilization, quantity lithics bedded bones, extent surface modifications, cut marks, diversity fauna, mortality profiles.